• Marxism
  • Theory developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
  • Emphasizes conflict between working class and ruling capitalist class
  • Believes history progresses through stages driven by material conditions
• Leninism
  • Adaption of Marxism by Vladimir Lenin, in context of Russian Revolution in 1917
  • Introduced concept of vanguard party
    • Intellectuals leading revolution on behalf of proletariat
  • Saw an authoritarian state as necessary
• Communism
  • Envisions classless, stateless society with production collectively owned
  • Marx saw it as final stage of societal development, following socialism
• Socialism
  • Aims to reduce inequality by redistributing wealth
  • Ensures basic needs of everyone are met
  • Can exist in more democratic or authoritarian forms