• Military failure had long-lasting impacts on country
  • Created sentiment of distrust and hostility towards US
  • Prolonged political uncertainty as parties accused each other for loss
• President Santa Anna sold Mesilla Valley to US
  • Decision was widely criticized as being against national ideals
  • Prompted opposition to incite movement which deposed Santa Anna in 1855
• Initiated period known as La Reforma, or The Reform
  • Removed large amounts of control from the Catholic church
  • Conservative reaction resulted in War of the Reform in 1858-1861
  • In 1861, Benito Juarez of the liberal government was elected president
• Napoleon III instituted Austrian archduke Maximilian in Mexico
  • Maximilian attempted to gain control, but Juarez resisted
  • Resulted in civil war with Juarez as the victor
• Porfirio Diaz gained control of government in November 1876
  • Maintained power for 35 years, from 1876 to 1911
  • Increased federal government power through military and police
  • Generally adhered to liberal principles
  • Caused large amounts of economic development
• Encountered modernity through exports to other countries